Botany

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Fill in the Diagrams below to practice for the final exam

check the answers in the document below:





= The Botany Review Questions = = =

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=Vocabulary =

 roots - The base of a plant which takes in water and nutrients from the soil.

 stem - The middle part of plant that connects parts such as the pistil and stigma to the roots. leaves. The stem contains vascular tissue to help transport important materials, such as oxygen, water, carbon dioxide, and sugar.

 flowers - An often good-smelling, colorful plant that goes throught photosynthesis and is pollinated by other flowers. The flowers are responsible for the reproduction in a plant.

 osmosis - The passage of a water through a semi-permeable membrane from a higher to lower concentration of water. The kidney bean that sits over night in water takes water in and expands the next day. This is because there is lots of water outside of the bean and no water inside the bean. The water traveled from a higher to lower concentration. In the celery lab, the water travels up through the Xylem to the leaves through osmosis during the process of transpiration. In the osmosis egg lab, we put water surrounding the egg, and water began to fill the egg and increased its width. When karo syrup was put on the outside of the egg, water traveled outside the egg and the membrane decreased in width on the next day.

 vascular tissue - In the stem of the plant, the vascular tissue moves important materials to each cell of the plant. This is very similar to a circulatory system. The vascular tissue is made of both the xylem and the phloem.

 xylem - Moves WATER UP through the plant.

 phloem - Moves SUGAR DOWN through the plant.

Up the Xylem, Down the Phloem 

 photosynthesis -

===** 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy >>> C6H12O 6  + 6O2   ** ===

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<span style="color: #000000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> cellular respiration- the process in living organisms of taking in oxygen and sugar from the surroundings and giving out carbon dioxide, water, and usable energy.

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<span style="color: #000000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> chlorophyll - A group of green pigments found in plants. Chlorophyll is found in the chloroplast of a plant cell. This is where photosynthesis takes place.

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<span style="color: #000000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="color: #000000; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> stomate - Plant struct ure that regulates how much water is released fromthe plant. The stomate lets in carbon dioxide and releases oxygen and water into the atmosphere.

<span style="color: #000000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> transpiration - The process where water travels through the ground to the roots to the xylem and out the leaves to the atmosphere. Transpiration is "evaporation" through a plant in the water cycle.

<span style="color: #000000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> light energy - Energy given from the sun to sustain life. This energy spreads through the ecosystem and is a model for domino causality.

<span style="color: #000000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> carbon dioxide - A colorless, odorless, incombustible gas, CO2, formed during respiration, combustion, and organic decomposition. <span style="color: #00ff00; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Carbon Dioxide is an example of a compound. The elements carbon and oxygen are bonded with a covalent bond (sharing electrons) Carbon Dioxide is an important part of the Carbon Cycle in our garden and every ecosystem.

<span style="color: #000000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> oxygen- O2- An element that allows that continuation of life. Oxygen Gas is a compound. Two elements of oxygen are bonded together by a covalent bond. Oxygen is a product in the process of photosynthesis and a reactant in the process of cellular respiration.

<span style="color: #000000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> sugar - <span style="background-clip: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; cursor: pointer; padding-right: 10px;">[|crystalline] substances, mainly <span style="background-clip: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; cursor: pointer; padding-right: 10px;">[|sucrose], <span style="background-clip: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; cursor: pointer; padding-right: 10px;">[|lactose] , and <span style="background-clip: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; cursor: pointer; padding-right: 10px;">[|fructose][|[] <span style="color: #000000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Sugar is an example of a compound made of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Sugar is a product of the process of photosynthesis and a reactant in the process of cellular respiration.

<span style="color: #000000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> water- water is in the process of helping the plants grow and in the system of photosynthesis. Water travels through the plant through the process of transpiration, which is an important part of the water cycle. Water is a compound that is made of two different elements, oxygen and hydrogen. Water is regulated by the plant with the both the waxy cuticle and the stomate. The waxy cuticle on the upper side of the leaf makes sure excess water does not leave the plant. The guard cells of the stomate underneath the leaf opens and closes allowing water exit the plant.

<span style="color: #000000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> petal - colored part of the flower that attracts insects and birds by their bright colors and smells during the process of pollination.

<span style="color: #000000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> sepal- the two leaves on the flower that are attached under the flower petal.. The sepal protects the flower before it blooms.

<span style="color: #000000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> pollen grain- each pollen grain contains a male sperm cell that travels from one flower to another by wind, insects, water. The pollen grain will attach itself to the stigma during pollination. Then a pollen grain will travel down a pollen tube in the style of the pistil. The pollen grain travels to the ovary where it finds and ovule and fertilizes the egg.

<span style="color: #000000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> anther- top part of the stamen that produces pollen. In the lab, the powder that spilled from the anther over your hands and the petals were pollen grains.

<span style="color: #000000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> filament - stalk of the stamen that bears the anther. The filament lifts the pollen grains and the anther so they are more likely to make the trip to another plant.

<span style="color: #000000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> stigma- Top part of the pistil upon which pollen lands and pollinates.

<span style="color: #000000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> style- the stalk of the pistil that connects the stigma to the ovary. This is where you will find the pollen tube during fertilization.

<span style="color: #000000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> ovary- Base part of the pistil that bears ovules and develops in to fruit

<span style="color: #000000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> ovule - small egg/seed

<span style="color: #000000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> pollination - transfer pollen from the anther, pollen grain, stigma <span style="color: #008000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">water insects wind

<span style="color: #000000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> fertilization- pollen, pollen tube, egg, seed <span style="color: #008000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">this process takes place in the ovary and produces a seed.

<span style="color: #000000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> seed dispersal -is the movement or transport of <span style="background-clip: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; cursor: pointer; padding-right: 10px;">[|seeds] away from the parent plant

<span style="color: #000000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> germination - the process of which the growth of a seed begins. A seed will come out of dormancy with the right amount of water and temperature. Think of the bean plant experiment in a cup.

<span style="color: #000000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> embryo -early stage of growth of a plant. The embryo of a bean plant is located between the two cotyledons.

<span style="color: #000000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> cotyledon - The embryo is atached to the cotyledon. The cotyledon contains energy for the plant to germinate and grow, as there may not be any sunlight deep inside the soil or ground.

<span style="color: #000000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> hillum, micropyle, seed coat - is a small <span style="background-clip: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; cursor: pointer; padding-right: 10px;">[|embryonic] [|plant] enclosed in a covering called the seed coat

<span style="color: #000000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> epicotyl, hypocotyl, radicle - These structures are all a part of the embryo - that will eventually grow to become a plant. Epicotyl - becomes the leaves, Hypocotyl -becomes the stem, Radicle - becomes the roots.

<span style="color: #000000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> dormancy -when something is not physically living and is waiting for the right conditions to grow Ex. deciduous trees are dormant in the winter and lose their leaves. Tulip bulbs planted in the ground are dormant until the right amount of water and temperature occurs in the spring. Kidney beans in the bag at the grocery store are dormant, but when soaked overnight will begin to germinate. Another example is a dormant<span style="background-clip: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; cursor: pointer; padding-right: 10px;">Dormant volcano.

<span style="color: #800000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">perennial bulbs <span style="color: #000000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> February blooms - Snowdrop <span style="background-color: #ffff00; color: #000000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">March blooms- Crocus, Squill, Glory in the Snow <span style="background-color: #ffff00; color: #000000; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">April blooms- Grape Hyacinth, Squill, Glory in the Snow, Tulip, Daffodil

<span style="color: green; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">loam <span style="color: green; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">sand, silt, and clay <span style="color: green; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">N,P,K test <span style="color: green; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">pH test

=<span style="font-size: 1.4em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;">** Questions ** =

<span style="font-size: 1.3em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;">** Multiple Choice **
<span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">1. _ In our celery lab, which tissues were we studying when we watched color rise <span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">up the celery stalk <span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">A. phloem C. stems <span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">B. roots <span style="background-color: #ffff00; color: #000000; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">D. xylem <span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">2. _ In what part of the plant would you find the greatest number of chloroplasts? <span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">A. stem <span style="background-color: #ffff00; color: #000000; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">C. leaves <span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">B. cambrium D. roots <span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">3. _ Each of the following is a fruit except a <span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="background-color: #ffff00; color: #000000; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">A. potato C. squash <span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">B. tomato D. strawberry <span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">4. _ In the dishwasher, the bean seeds germinated and grew tall yellow stalks. What variable is not important in germination <span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="background-color: #ffff00; color: #000000; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">A sunlight C. temperature <span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">B. depth D. amount of water <span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">5. _ This blue flower blooms in late march and the petals droop downwards <span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">A. Glory-in-the-Snow C) Grape Hyacynth <span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="background-color: #ffff00; color: #000000; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">B. Blue squil l D) blue Iris <span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">6. _ The part of the flower that you would find a pollen tube <span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">A. stigma <span style="background-color: #ffff00; color: #000000; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">C. style <span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">B. ovary D. stamen <span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">7. _ The thickened part of the ovary wall that holds the fertilized seed is the <span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">A. petal <span style="background-color: #ffff00; color: #000000; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">C. fruit <span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">B. anther <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">D. sepal <span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">8. ___The parts of the flower most involved with attracting pollinators are the <span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">A. pistils C. sepals <span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">B. seeds <span style="background-color: #ffff00; color: #000000; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">D. petals

=<span style="font-size: 1.4em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;">** Short answer ** = <span style="color: black; margin: 0px 0px 12pt; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">1. Plants do not have muscles to move from place to place. What are ways that plants can travel over land or water?

Pollination - the seeds of plants can go somewhere else and get fertilized, this can possibly move the plant a great distance, for example over water.

2 . Describe three ways seeds can be dispersed? What is the advantage to seed dispersal?
 * seeds can travel by wind
 * animal
 * seeds can be picked up by an animal
 * seeds can be eaten (the fruit) by an animal and undigested seeds can be passed through
 * expulsion
 * fruit with casings can drop from trees and the casing opens when it hits the ground--the fruit then rolls away
 * some fruits suddenly burst open, dispersing their seeds all around
 * water: some fruit can travel by water, going downstream to a new location, because it has a water resistant coating

The advantage is that the further the seed moves away from the original plant, the more it can spread, and also, in cases such as trees, the new tree will be in the shade of the first if it is too close, preventing it from getting enough light to grow as tall and strong as it could if it were far away

<span style="color: black; margin: 0px 0px 12pt; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">3. fill in the table below: <span style="color: black; margin: 0px 0px 12pt; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Place the flower blooms in the correct month - tulip, daffodil, snowdrop, blue squill, glory-in-the-snow, grape hyacinth
 * February || Early March || Late March || April ||
 * snowdrop || crocus || blue squill || tulip ||
 * ||  || glory-in-the-snow || daffodil ||
 * ||  ||   || red emperor tulip ||
 * ||  ||   || grape hyacint h ||

4. How does a kidney bean or a tulip bulb come out of dormancy?

Changes in temperature, moisture in the air, and rainfall can bring these seeds out of dormancy

5. Explain the process of transpiration in a plant.

Transpiration is the evaporation of water into the atmosphere from the leaves and stems of plants. Plants absorb soil water through their roots. Next, plants pump the water up from the soil to deliver nutrients to their leaves. This pumping is driven by the evaporation of water through small pores called "stomates", which are found on the undersides of leaves. Transpiration accounts for approximately 10% of all evaporating water.

This fits with the water cycle, because waters falls to the soil through precipitation, then the plants take them up, and pump through the leaves (transpiration), so that the water vapor can go back to the sky.



6. The hypocotyl located in the embryo will eventually become what part of the growing plant?

The hypocotyl will eventually become the part of the stem of a sprouting plant that is above the root and below the stalk of the cotyledon (seed leaves )

7. Stomata are found in the leaves of the plant. What are their jobs?

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The stomata are tiny pores on the underside of the leaves. The evaporation of water through the stomata is what drives water to <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">pump up from the soil to deliver nutrients to the leaves.

We saw stomates on the electron microscope on the flower petal? Why were they located on the flower petal?

8. What structures carry water up to the leaves of the plant? The xylem is one of the two types of transport tissue, phloem being the other. The xylem transports water and soluble mineral nutrients from the roots throughout the plant. It is also used to replace water lost during transpiration and photosynthesis

9. What part of the plant supplies the food and energy for the plant to survive?

phloem is the living tissue that carries organic nutrients (known as photosynthate), in particular, glucose, a sugar, to all parts of the plant where needed.

10. What are three different ways that a flower can pollinate. In plants that produce flowers and seeds (=angiosperms) pollination is the transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma. Pollen grains come from the anther.

They travel by wind or animals to the sticky stigma of a different plant or the same plant. 2&3: If it’s a different plant, it is cross pollination. Cross pollination produces a stronger offspring. It can occur by wind, rain, mammals, birds and insects.
 * 1. If the transfer goes to the same plant, it is self pollination.
 * 2 Wind pollinated plants have long anthers with light pollen so it’s transferred easily by wind.
 * 3 Pollination by animals and insects is more efficient than wind. Flowers offer rewards to attract these animals like sugar, nectar, food, place to sleep. The animal brushes against the pollen and picks it up, then brushes past the stigma of the other plant and deposits it.

11. Draw all the parts of the flower (for example, the Emperor Red Tulip) and label all the parts below:



12. Draw all the important parts of a kidney bean and label all the parts below:



<span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">**Essay Questions** <span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">1. Explain in the roles of the following structures during photosynthesis : <span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">stomates, chloroplast, chlorophyll, xylem, phloem, and roots

<span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">2. How do flowers produce seeds? Name and describe the four major steps in the correct order. In plants that produce flowers and seeds (=angiosperms) pollination is the transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma. j <span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">3. How does a water molecule travel from the soil up to the leaves and out to the air. Explain what structures are involved in the process of transpiration.
 * Pollen grains come from the anther.
 * They travel by wind or animals to land on the sticky stigma of a different plant or the same plant.
 * Then they germinate (this means grow).
 * Then the pollen tube forms down the style.
 * Then sperm is delivered to the ovules. Fertilization takes place, producing the seed.

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Transpiration is the evaporation of water into the atmosphere from the leaves and stems of plants. Plants absorb soil water through their roots. Next, plants pump the water up from the soil to deliver nutrients to their leaves. This pumping is driven by the evaporation of water through small pores called "stomates", which are found on the undersides of leaves. Transpiration accounts for approximately 10% of all evaporating water. The pumping of the water is through the xylem.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"> <span style="color: black; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Multiple Choice __1. On Day 3 in the Osmosis Lab, the water traveled from a higher concentration to lower concentration. As a result, the egg__ ___ .__ __ A) stayed the same size, since the egg shell was being broken down __ __ B) increased in size traveling from the inside to the outside of the egg __ <span style="background-color: #ffff00; margin: 0px 0px 0px 0.75in; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-indent: -0.25in;">__C) increased in size traveling from the outside to the inside of the egg__ <span style="background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 0px 0.75in; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-indent: -0.25in;">__D) shrunk in size traveling from the inside to the outside of the egg__ __ . __

___2. Calculate the % of 20 ml of soil (15 ml sand, 3 mL silt, and 2 ml clay)__ __ A) 15 % sand, 30% silt, 20 % clay __ __ B) 50 % sand, 30% silt, 20% caly __ __ C) 75 % sand, 10% silt, 15% clay __ <span style="background-color: #ffff00; margin: 0px 0px 0px 0.75in; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-indent: -0.25in;">__D) 75% sand, 15% silt, 10% clay__

___ 3. A following soil type would be best for retaining water in the soil?__ __ A) 80% sand, 10% silt, 10% clay __ <span style="background-color: #ffff00; margin: 0px 0px 0px 0.75in; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-indent: -0.25in;">__B) 50 % sand, 30% silt, 20% clay__ __ C) 75 % sand, 10% silt, 15% clay __ __ D) 75% sand, 15% silt, 10% clay __

4. The plant gets its energy from the following: A) soil B) roots <span style="background-color: #ffff00; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">C) leaves D) flowers

__5. What is the main function of the cotyledon in the kidney bean plant?__ __A) to give plenty of water for the embryo to grow__ <span style="background-color: #ffff00; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">__B) to later become the leaves of the plant__ __C) to fasten into the ground and become the roots__ __D) to give plenty of energy for the embryo to grow__

6. When they collect nectar from flowers, bees also transport A) pistils from flower to flower B) seeds from flower to flower <span style="background-color: #ffff00; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">C) pollen from flower to flower D) nutrients from flower to flower